工業英検3級過去問 英作文問題の解答案
工業英検３級試験問題のVII英作文問題は3番目、5番目のみ答える形式で、完成した英文の解答は公開されていません。第77回〜第93回の解答案と各問題のポイントを示します。
第93回
(a) The error brought (7. about 2. a 1. hardware 5. failure 4. resulting 6. in 3. the) loss of data.
bring about：もたらす、result in：結果として〜になる、
(b) The detecting device is still (5. alive 4. immediately 7. after 2. the 1. power 6. switch 3. is) turned off.
(c) Force is transferred from the crankshaft to (4. the piston 2. for 1 .the purpose 7. of 3. compressing 6. the gas 5. in) the cylinder.
for the purpose of：〜のため（目的）
(d) A kite can fly because the (7. necessary 4. lift 1. is 3. generated 6. when 5. air 2. flows) over and under the kite's wing.
(e) The two (3. engaged 5. gears 2. rotate 1. in 7. the 4. opposite 6. direction) from each other.
in the opposite direction ：反対方向へ
(f) This inspection (5. can 1. be 3. done 2. before 6. or 7. after 4. the) manufacturing process.
第92回
(a) Fly-by-wire is a system (7. that 3. replaces 6. the 2. conventional 1. mechanical 5. interface 4. with) an electronic interface.
that：関係詞、replace A with B:AをBで置き換える
(b) The volume of (4. most 7. materials 1. becomes 6. larger 3. when 2. they 5. are) heated.
(c) A wrong measurement (7. will 3. have 1. a 4. negative 6. impact 2. on 5. the following) processes.
(d) The cars (7. came 3. off 4. the 6. production 1. line 5. one 2. after) another.
one after another:次々と
(e) Plants (7. release 3. chemicals, 2. which 1. give 4. the forest 6. its 5. unique) fragrance.
whichの非制限用法
(f) The (4. increased 1. number of 7. nuclear power plants 2. has 5. led 6. to 3. serious problems) with radioactive waste.
無生物主語、現在完了（継続, 〜してきた）、lead to:もたらす
第91回
(a) 3761425
The larger the size of the analysis model, the longer the calculation time.
（The 形容詞の比較級〜, the 形容詞の比較級~→〜になればなるほど、~になる）
(b) 2531764
Using these techniques enables sensors to be assembled rapidly and economically.
(無生物主語→「これらの手法を使うこと」が可能にする。 enable A to B：AがBすることを可能にする。）
(c) 4721653
Generally, a single car contains more than 20,000 components.
(contain:含む）
(d) 7124653
Replacing early the battery will reduce energy cost.
（無生物主語。reduce: 減らす。）
(e) 1574362
The purpose of this process is to save the contents of the file before closing it.
（to do：不定詞 〜すること-目的 doing:動名詞〜すること-結果）
(f) 5132764
Several attempts had been made to build a hydrogen-powered car, but they all ended up in failure.
（過去完了形）
第90回
(a) 57②3①46
The robot is equipped with artificial intelligence and voice recognition.
(be equipped with: 〜を備えている。)
(b) 64③7⑤12。
The density of a substance is calculated by dividing the mass of that substance by its volume.
（divide A by B: AをBで割る 二回目のsubstanceは一回目のa substanceと同じだからtheではなくthatをつける）
(c) 27③6①45
The latest disk-head technology doubles the number of bits written per platter.
（無生物主語。double: 二倍にする）
(d) 46⑦3⑤31
The IC chip contains biometric data such as an image of the holder's face.
（contain:含む。such as ~: 〜のような（例示） anは必ずimageの前に付く。)
(e) 42⑦3⑤61
Operating systems were developed for computers to communicate with a variety of applications.
（不定詞to doを用いて、目的を表す。 a variety of: 様々な〜）
(f) 74②3⑤16
A DVD-ROM drive has the same basic structure as a CD-ROM drive.
（same as: 〜と同じ 名詞structureを修飾する形容詞の語順はsameが先で冠詞theをつける。CD-ROM driveは特定の物を指していないので冠詞aをつける。）
第89回
(a) 3615724
Increase in the cost of fossil fuels have focused renewed attention on alternative energy.
（無生物主語。increase in：〜の増加。have focused：現在完了形）
(b) 2751432
A valve allows liquid to flow one way and prevents it from flowing the other way.
(prevent A from doing：Aが~するのを防ぐ one に対してthe otherが呼応）
(c) 3547612
An oscilloscope is a measuring instrument used to display waveforms of electric signals.
（measuring ：現在分詞 used：過去分詞 used to do：〜するのに用いられる）
(d) 2467153
Traffic congestion increases the carbon dioxide emissions that lead to global warming.
（無生物主語。increaseは他動詞「増加させる」。thatは関係詞。lead to：〜に導く）
(e) 7241635
The AIDS virus mutates twice as fast as the flu virus.
(f) 3724615
Genetic manipulation has to be performed with the utmost care because it deals with organisms' genes.
（deal with：〜を取り扱う。注：organismsは一般的に「生物」と訳される）
第88回
(a) 3154762
The newly developed control circuit is much more complicated than the conventional one.
（比較級 more 形容詞 than）
(b) 3726451
The white light from the sun is a composite of all the visible rays.
(all the A：全てのA composite：複合物）
(c) 4713265
If anti-virus software is not installed, your computer may become infected with a virus.
(d) 7361254
The development cost of solar power generation
is expected to be reduced to one-third by 2015.
(expect A to do：Aが〜することを予想する。→受身形でA is expected to do)
(e) 7314625
The pressure acting on a body is the force acting on that body per unit area.
(f) 2413756
There are several reasons for the occurrence of measurement errors.
第87回
(a) 4762153
A sudden increase in fluid pressure may damage the apparatus.
（無生物主語を用いる。increase in :〜の増加）
(b) 6352471
When we push an object with a great force, it will accelerate accordingly.
(c) 1625734
Moving the mouse on desktop causes the cursor to move on the screen.
（無生物主語。doing(moving)は動名詞「〜すること」 cause A to do：Aが〜することを引き起こす）
(d) 4673215
To analyze the influence of cosmic rays on organic cells, experiments are planned.
（to do: 不定詞、目的「〜するために」を表す。 the influence (effect) of A on B：AのBに対する影響（効果））
(e) 2647135
For example, 4775 rounded off to the nearest hudred is 4,800.
（roundedは過去分詞（〜された）。round off 小数 to ：小数を〜へ丸める）
(f) 5431276
This instrument must be hundled as carefully as possible
（as 形容詞・副詞 as possible ：できるだけ〜）
第86回
(a) 3571462
Bad weather forced the plane to land at another airport far from the intended destination.
（無生物主語を用いる。force A to do：Aが〜することを強いる）
(b) 7154362
The stopping distance of a vehicle increases in proportion to the square of its speed.
（increase増加する（自動詞）、in proportion to：〜に比例して）
(c) 5241736
Bearing precision is just one factor controlling the precision of the total machine system.
（controlling：支配している（現在分詞）、justの位置に注意）
(d) 2457316
For the experiment to succeed, we need a large set of equipment.
（一般論ではなく、「この」実験について言っているのだから、the が付く。a set of ：ひとそろいの〜 ）
（e) 3562417
A disease that is caused by a virus is often difficult to cure.
（関係詞that（制限用法））、oftenやsometimesなど頻度を表す副詞は一般動詞の直前、be動詞の直後に置く）
(f) 7316425
we will have to adjust our schedule to finish on time.
（to finish （不定詞〜するために） on time：時間に間に合って）
第85回
(a) 5247316
A diode is used to control the direction in which electric current flows in a circuit.
（be used to do 〜するのに使われる。in which 関係詞 それにおいて）
(b) 4753126
A fuel cell is a divice that generates electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.
（that: 関係詞。 generates electricity：電流を発生する→generator 発電機）
(c) 2573614
Many plastic resins are capable of being expanded or foamed.
（be capable of doing：〜する能力がある。）
(d)5634712
Gold is more resistant to rust than other metals such as silver.
（more 形容詞 than: 〜より....だ。be resistant to ~に抵抗性である。such as 〜のような（例示））
(e) 4716235
This capacitor loses its electrical charge in approximately one second if no voltage is applied.
（in 時間：〜以内に。No SV：全く〜しない。
(f) 7654213
To simplify the calculation, round off all decimals to the second place.
（round off 丸める、 decimals 小数、the second place 小数点第二位）
第84回
(a) 3546271
Wear clean room garments and wash your hand before you enter the clean room.
（指示を明確にするため、命令形にする。この文章はクリーンルームの前にあって、クリーンルームに入ること自体は指示しなくても良い。順番を表す語がbeforeしかないことに注意。）
(b) 6274531
You can use any heating method to melt the solder.
（any:いかなる to doは不定詞「〜するために」）
(c) 6415273
It remains unclear what energy will be the mainstream in the future.
（remain＋形容詞：〜のままである。Itは形式主語でwhat energy〜の部分を表している）
(d) 1472536
The harder you press the brake pedal, the more force is applied to the brakes.
（The 比較級SV, the 比較級SV:~すればするほど、より〜する。特殊な語順に注意。）
(e) 6172345
We have learned that the resistivity of a conductor is a function of its temperature.
（have 過去分詞：現在完了形〜してきた。learned that SV： SがVすることを学んだ。a function of: 〜の関数）
(f) 7654213
To simplify the calculation, round off all decimals to the second place.
（round off 丸める、 decimals 小数、the second place 小数点第二位）
第82回
(a) 5725413
Recently, demand for improvement in fuel efficiency has been increasing in many countries .
（demand for: 〜に対する要求、需要。improvement in 〜の改良。has been 現在完了形(継続））
(b) 7356241
A functional test determines whether or not a product matches the product specification.
（determine: 調べる。whether〜or not:〜かどうか 〜が長いときはwhether or not ~とする。）
(c) 4125736
By using this method, we will be able to save more money and energy.
（be able to do:〜できる）
(d) 7146352
With a hub, multiple peripheral devices can be connected to a single USB port.
（with 物：~を使って。connect A to(with) B: AをBにつなぐ）
(e) 5174632
Formerly, technology was always thought to have positive effects on society.
（be thought to do: 〜すると考えられている。effect on: 〜に対する影響）
(f) 7423516
Steel that is coated with paint is less susceptible to corrosion.
（that:関係詞。be coated with: 〜で覆われた。be susceptible to:〜の影響、作用を受けやすい。corrosion : 腐食）
第81回
(a) 5713642
Silicon is a non-metal that resembles carbon in its physical properties.
（that:関係詞。resemble A in B: Bの点でAに似ている。An avocado resembles a pear in shape but not in taste.）
(b) 5142736
The light coming from the light source is directed toward the screen.
（coming→現在分詞~している。be directed toward(at) 〜へ誘導される。）
(c) 7431625
Either cold or preheated molding material can be loaded.
（either A or B (肯定文で）: A,Bどちらも）
(d) 2473651
The area is two-dimensional and can be measured in square meters.
(e) 3124765
The desired strength can be obtained through suitable heat treatment.
(f) 5721463
Thousands of years ago, garbage was not a problem because it was made up of natural materials.
第80回
(a) 4132657
An influenza pandemic occurs when a new influenza virus appears against which no human population has the immunity.
（against which：関係詞（それに対して）no 〜：全く〜でない）
(b) 4361275
These coils serves to transfer the current from the brushes and the commutator to the rotor.
(c) 5137426
A substance or material we can feel or see is divided into particles known as molecules.
(d) 6173524
The fuel-air mixture will be compressed when the piston rises in the cylinder.
(e) 7612354
In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
(f) 7143562
A laser is a divise that controls the way in which energized atoms release protons.
第79回
(a) 2165743
Air can be easily compressed only when it is in a container.
(b) 7524631
There is a small window covered with something transparent in the center of case.
（covered 過去分詞、be covered with：〜に覆われた something 形容詞：〜な何か（語順に注意）
(c) 6215473
C is a commonly used computer language for controlling mechatronic systems.
（for doing：〜するための）
(d) 6574231
An equilateral figure is a figure with all sides of equal length.
（with:付帯状況を表す）
(e) 2745361
An orbit is a circular or elliptical path taken by a satellite moving around a planet.
（taken 過去分詞 moving 現在分詞）
(f) 2435167
Applying a current to a coil establishes magnetic field.
（無生物主語。applying 動名詞。)
第77回
(a) 2317654
Our new machine is fast in operation and generates low noise.
(b) 2145376
It takes a certain amount of time for sound waves to hit the object and to return to you as an echo.
（it takes 時間 for A to do：Aが〜するのに「時間」がかかる←it = to do）
(c) 2536174
Use a moistened cloth to clean the surface that the pen touches.
（Use 命令形、to clean 不定詞-目的）
(d) 5167324
A spring balance uses the principle of a stretching spring to determine weight.
(e) 5762413
Flash memory devices are beginning to be used as the alternative to hard disk drives as well as to floppy.
(f) 7324561
A car is faster than a bicycle whereas the bicycle is handier than the car.
